The impact of uv radiation on the skin & how sunscreen works

The importance of sun protection has gained widespread attention in recent years, as more people recognize the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exposure to the sun can cause a range of issues, from sunburn to premature aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. Sunscreen plays a critical role in protecting the skin from these dangers.

How UV Radiation Affects the Skin

Ultraviolet radiation from the sun consists of three main types: UVA, UVB, and UVC. UVC rays are absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere, so they don’t reach the surface. However, UVA and UVB rays penetrate the atmosphere and reach the skin, where they cause damage.

1. UVA Radiation: The Long-Term Threat

UVA rays have the longest wavelengths and account for about 95% of the UV radiation that reaches Earth. These rays can penetrate the skin deeply, reaching the dermis, the middle layer of skin.

• UVA radiation damages the skin’s collagen and elastin, which are responsible for the skin’s strength and elasticity. This results in the development of wrinkles, fine lines, and sagging.
• Long-term exposure to UVA rays can cause DNA mutations, which may contribute to the development of skin cancers, including non-melanoma types.

2. UVB Radiation: The Primary Cause of Sunburn

UVB rays are shorter in wavelength and primarily affect the skin’s outer layer, the epidermis. While UVB rays account for a smaller proportion of the total UV radiation reaching Earth, they are much more intense and the main cause of sunburn.

How Sunscreen Protects the Skin

Sunscreens act as a protective barrier between the skin and harmful UV radiation. They either absorb or reflect UV rays, preventing them from penetrating the skin and causing damage. Sunscreen formulations contain active ingredients, which fall into two categories: chemical (organic) filters and physical (mineral) filters.

Selecting the Right Sunscreen

Choosing the right sunscreen can be overwhelming, given the variety of products available. Here are a few considerations to help guide your selection:

• SPF Level: For daily use, select a sunscreen with at least SPF 30. Higher SPFs offer greater protection, though no sunscreen can offer 100% protection.
• Broad-Spectrum Protection: Always choose broad-spectrum sunscreens to ensure protection from both UVA and UVB rays.
• Skin Type: Consider your skin type when choosing a sunscreen. For example, individuals with oily skin may prefer lightweight, non-comedogenic sunscreens, while those with dry skin may benefit from moisturizing sunscreen formulas.

Conclusion

UV radiation poses significant risks to skin health, including premature aging, sunburn, and skin cancer. Sunscreen remains one of the most effective defenses against these harmful effects. Regular use of sunscreen is a simple but vital step in maintaining skin health, preventing long-term damage, and ensuring youthful skin for years to come. Whether you're seeking ultra-high protection like ACM Medisun SPF100+, a refreshing transparent spray such as Rilastil Sun System SPF50, or soothing options like Bionnex Preventiva or Equilibra Aloe SPF50+, today’s broad-spectrum sunscreens offer smart, skin-friendly ways to stay protected—without compromising on comfort or care. These products support immune function, skin resilience, and overall cellular health, complementing topical protection for a more holistic approach to sun safety.